The recent publication of both the african oil palm genome assembly and the first draft sequence of its latin american. Pollination in the oil palms elaeis guineensis e oleifera and. There is another oil palm species, the american palm elaeis oleifera, kunth cortes. Sud, et elaeis oleifera et deux hybrides interspecifiques en amerique du sud. At the same time, embrapa, in brazil, was developing extensive programs searching for strains of elaeis oleifera kunth. They are used in commercial agriculture in the production of palm oil. In vitro embryo rescue of interspecific hybrids of oil palm elaeis.
This report characterizes 20 ssr markers from an elaeis oleifera genomic library gssr. Arecaceae of north america update, database version 2010 acquired. However, another palm species known as the american oil palm elaeis oleifera, which is native to the tropics of central and south america, is recognized for its high yield production 3. Elaeis oleifera honduras 1982 14 nicaragua 1982 18 costa rica 1982 61 panama 1982 27 colombia 1982 41 suriname 1982 6 ecuador 2004, 2006 5. Crude palm oil from interspecific hybrid elaeis oleifera. Elaeis guineensis, grown in colombia, were fully characterised and compared to data obtained by analysing crude african palm oil. Genomewide association study gwas for morphological and. The following 7 files are in this category, out of 7 total.
The genus elaeis tribe cocoseae is in the family arecaceae 4, one of the oldest families of flowering plants, with fossils from the cretaceous 5. The only other species in the genus elaeis is the american oil palm, elaeis oleifera h. Elaeis guineensis, known as the african oil palm combres et al. Pdf the wild american species, elaeis oleifera hbk is a promising genetic resource for slow trunk growth, disease resistance and desired. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. Pdf phenology of the reproductive development of elaeis oleifera.
Development and characterization of elaeis oleifera. Taxonomically, the genus elaeis is a member of the order arecales1, family palmae, subfamily cocoideae, subtribe elaeidinae 2 3. In addition, we also examined the shedding process in the mantled phenotype of elaeis guineensis in which the staminodes are transformed into carpellike structures adam et al. Fluctuations in natural populations of the leaf miner. Cortes of brazilian origin and elaeis madagascariensis beccari met in madagascar.
A particular case is the american oil palm, elaeis oleifera kunth cortes, rst recorded in ecuador in 1986. Standleys plate vi in the flora of barrocolorado island 1933, labeled corozo oleifera,isscheelea zonensis. Elaeis oleifera is a species of palm commonly called the american oil palm. In west africa, and more particularly in benin, this plant material is vulnerable to the devastation of. In latin america, tenera plantations are harmed by the lethal yellowing anomaly.
Provided for noncommercial research and educational use. Genus elaeis 1eaig species elaeis oleifera eaiol contact eppo. Phenology of the oil palm interspecific hybrid elaeis oleifera. Estimation of average heterozygosity and genetic distance from a small number of individual. Slightly more attractive than its old world cousin, elaeis guineensis, this palm also is a major producer of oilfilled seeds. This american species is seen as a promising genetic resource for oil palm improvement and is currently used in oil palm hybrid e. This work provides to our knowledge, the first association mapping study in an interspecific oxg oil palm population, which shows tolerance to pests and diseases, high oil quality, and acceptable fruit bunch production. Jul 24, 20 oil palm is the most productive oilbearing crop. Screening of wild oil palm elaeis guineensis germplasm. Our organically crafted batana oil is extracted from the nut of the american palm tree elaeis oleifera growing wild in the tropical rainforests of central and south america. Elaeis oleifera is a species in the oil palm genus along with the commercial elaeis guineensis and occurs naturally in southcentral america, from honduras to colombia and in the amazon region. This article was originally published in the encyclopedia of biodiversity, second edition, the copy attached is provided by elsevier for the authors benefit and for the benefit of the authors institution, for noncommercial research.
Elaeis oleifera collection in central and south america. Elaeis oleifera is a large, singlestemmed, pinnateleaved, evergreen palm growing 6 metres or more tall. Elaeis guineensis, native to west africa, is the primary source of most of the vegetable oil found worldwide 3. Department of agriculture agricultural research service. Although it is planted on only 5% of the total world vegetable oil acreage, palm oil accounts for 33% of vegetable oil and 45% of edible oil. Elaeis oleifera honduras nicaragua costa rica panama. Oil palm genome sequence reveals divergence of interfertile. Provided for noncommercial research and educational use only. The genus elaeis 4 consists of two mainspecies, the common oil palm elaeis guineensis the african oil palm native to africa, and elaeis oleifera or elaeis melanococca the.
Media in category elaeis oleifera the following 7 files are in this category, out of 7 total. My observations indicate that the fruits becomeloose and fall while still orange. Pdf yield, bunch quality and vegetative traits of american oil palm. Speciesspecific simple sequence repeat ssr markers are favored for genetic studies and markerassisted selection mas breeding for oil palm genetic improvement. Elaeis oleifera o, native to the americas, and elaeis guineensis g, native to africa. Genetic architecture of palm oil fatty acid composition in. Elaeis ehlehiss oleifera ohlehihfehrah osa peninsula of costa rica. Ecuador, elaeis guineensis, fruit abscission, oil palm, palms. The genus elaeis 4 consists of two mainspecies, the common oil palm elaeis guineensis the african oil palm native to africa, and elaeis oleifera or elaeis. This study showed that supplementation of 25ml of hpo for a period of 3. A dense microsatellite linkage map of 362 loci spanned 1. Characterization of the repeat type in 2000 sequences revealed a high percentage of dinucleotides 63.
Elaeis oleifera kunth cortes is an accepted name this name is the accepted name of a species in the genus elaeis family arecaceae. Screening of wild oil palm elaeis guineensis germplasm for lipase activity volume 154 issue 7 y. The genus elaeis has a transatlantic africaamerica distribution, with e. Pollination in the oil palms elaeis guineensis e oleifera. Pdf enriching oil palm industry through american oil palm. Elaeis oleifera in the germplasm resources information network grin, u. The record derives from wcsp data supplied on 20120323 which reports it as an accepted name record 66346 with original publication details.
The elaeis guineensis, originally from west africa, which is the main source of palm oil. Under aracaceae, genus elaeis consists of two important species, namely e. Indigenous traditional knowledge on health and equitable. Cocos nucifera and ornamental palms is also reported. The palm to the right of the elaeis oleifera is elaeis guineensis. Photos of elaeis oleifera, at a friends house and paddocks. An elaeis oleifera in uska species han liliopsida nga syahan ginhulagway ni carl sigismund kunth, ngan ginhatag han pagkayana nga asya nga ngaran ni santiago cortes. The african oil palm elaeis guineensis the species name guineensis referring to its country of origin is the principal source of palm oil. Bailey 1943 reported that fruits areblack at maturity. Updated for itis by the flora of north america expertise network, in connection with an update for usda plants 20072010 reference for. Aug 15, 20 the genus elaeis tribe cocoseae is in the family arecaceae 4, one of the oldest families of flowering plants, with fossils from the cretaceous 5. The genus elaeis contains two species, the more familiar e.
Pdf knowledge of the biology of ecuadorian palms remains very limited. The hybrids elaeis guineensis x elaeis oleifera oxg. Genomewide analysis of ltrretrotransposons in oil palm. Phenology of the reproductive development of elaeis oleifera kunth. Elaeis in world checklist of selected plant families. Histological analysis and transcription profiles on somatic. Not for reproduction, distribution or commercial use. Usda, ars, germplasm resources information network.
Quantitative trait loci qtls analysis of palm oil fatty. It is native to south and central america from honduras to northern brazil unlike its relative elaeis guineensis, the african oil palm, it is rarely planted commercially to produce palm oil, but hybrids between the two species are, mainly in efforts to provide disease resistance and to increase the proportion of. Batana oil has been in use by the native miskito people of honduras for hundreds of years and they credit the oil with helping them grow their hair long and strong referring it to as the miracle oil. Oil palm, elaeis guineensis, african tree in the palm family arecaceae, cultivated as a source of oil.
An elaeis oleifera in nahilalakip ha genus nga elaeis, ngan familia nga arecaceae. The board of trustees of the royal botanic gardens, kew. Use of dna markers for fingerprinting compact clones and. Elaeis from greek, meaning oil is a genus of palms containing two species, called oil palms. After 11 years of evaluation of the embrapa and cirad materials, and 5 years of evaluation of the indupalma and. The aim of this research was to rescue in vitro embryos of four varieties of interspecific hybrids of oil palm elaeis oleifera x elaeis guineensis in different media. Indigenous to africa, the oil palm elaeis guineensis jacq. The transferability of the markers to closely related palms, elaeis guineensis.
The performance of elaeis oleifera, interspecific hybrid and backcross were evaluated at malaysian palm oil board mpob in kluang, malaysia. The oil palm is grown extensively in its native west and central africa, as well as in malaysia and indonesia. The species guineensis, the most common, is grown for its fruit and almonds which provide a popular vegetable oil used in the diet for 80%, oleochemicals for 19% and biodiesel for 1% 1. However, it does not eliminate f1 hybrids between e. Genetic diversity of elaeis oleifera hbk cortes populations. It has a large, full crown of 12 long leaves, leaflets more on an even plane than its cousin more plumose, and trunks are mostly prostrate. One hundred sixty eligible participants were randomized and assigned to one of the two treatments. Both species yield oil used for food and nonfood applications. Smithsonian tropical research instituteelaeis oleifera. Pdf hybrid palm oil obtained from interspecific hybrid elaeis oleifera x elaeis. Information on the genetic diversity of these collections can help achieve efficient conservation via maintenance of core. It has dense clusters of crowded flowers and bright red fruit. The composition and structure of triacylglycerols tags and partial glycerides of crude palm oil obtained from interspecific hybrid elaeis oleifera. It is native to west and southwest africa, occurring between angola and gambia.
The genus elaeis has two species of economic importance for the oil palm agroindustry. A particular case is the american oil palm, elaeis oleifera kunth cortes. Apr 19, 2017 the elaeis oleifera genetic materials were assembled from its center of diversity in south and central america. Elaeis guineensis nigeria angola zaire cameroon guinea sierra leone senegal gambia madagascar ghana africa tanzania. Maintaining such collections is expensive and requires sizable land.
The current theory is that elaeis originated in the americas and was later introduced into africa. Escobar 1 abstract asds oil palm breeding program started in the 1960s after several genetically advanced. These materials are currently being preserved in malaysia as ex situ living collections. Interspecific hybridization elaeis guineensis x elaeis oleifera has been. The genus elaeis consists of two species, the common oil palm e. Palm oil with a higher content of oleic acid must contain not less than 48% oleic acid as % of total fatty acids. Palm oil, obtained from the fruits, is used in making soaps, cosmetics, candles. Palm oil is one of the richest sources of tocotrienols and may contain other nontocopherol vitamin e congeners. Genomewide association study gwas for morphological and yieldrelated traits in an oil palm hybrid elaeis oleifera x elaeis guineensis population. The phenological stages of oil palm can be coded using the bbch scale, which has three digits due to the inclusion of intermediate stages between the principal. Though the genus elaeis has three species, only two are of agronomic and economic importance.